Vapor Compression Distillation (VCD)

VCD uses mechanical or thermal compression of vapor to increase its temperature and pressure, which is then condensed to produce freshwater. This process can be combined with MED or MSF for hybrid systems.

• Applications: Smaller-scale desalination systems, such as in remote areas or industries where energy efficiency is critical.

• Advantages: Highly energy-efficient for small to medium-scale operations, suitable for off-grid locations, and can operate at lower pressures and temperatures.